Letter of application Essay Example for Free

Letter of utilization Essay In spite of the fact that there are numerous configurations, full square organization with open accentuation marks is the most famously utilized structures in today’s business correspondence. Full square configuration implies, adjusting all the pieces of the letters in the left edge without indenting. One line space must be left between the parts. Open accentuation alludes to utilizing accentuation checks just in the principle body of the letter so as to guarantee clear cognizance and excluding accentuation marks like commas and full stops in every single other part (date, address, greeting, membership, and so on. ) How to Write an Effective Cover Letter? A compelling introductory letter must persuade the business that the competitor has the essential abilities for the activity and guarantee him that he is the reasonable individual for the post. So the introductory letter should feature the most important abilities/accomplishments/execution, required for the activity. The introductory letter is generally written in three or four little sections with enough blank area in the middle. In the main section, (I) notice the subject and reference. At the end of the day, the name of the post you are applying and the wellspring of data (name of the paper and the date) are to be referenced. In the event of some different sources like individual contacts, due affirmation must be made. (ii) Express the motivation to apply for the post or your ability to be considered as a competitor. Some example openings: 1. Your promotion for the post of Software Engineer in the June 25, 2008 issue of The Times of India intrigued me as I am certain that I have the imperative capability and abilities. I wish to be considered as a possibility for the equivalent. 2. I comprehend from Mr. Rajgopal, one of your personnel that there is an opening in your regarded association for the post of Marketing Executive.. 3. I was extremely intrigued to see your ad for the post Software Engineer in The Hindu of 29.06.2008. I have been looking for such an open door as this, and I figure my experience and your necessities might be a decent match. I am a lot of keen on functioning as a Software Engineer in your regarded concern. In the subsequent passage, (I) feature your scholastic and expert aptitudes which are increasingly pertinent for the post you are applying now. (ii) Give explicit and the most significant subtleties of your accomplishments and advise the business that your resume is encased for different subtleties of your capability and experience. A few examples: 1. As my encased resume demonstrates, I have a B.E in Electronics and Communication Engineering. I was a University rank holder and was granted a legitimacy grant by the University. I did my temporary job at Reliance, Bangalore, throughout the mid year excursion. My undertaking work has helped me obtain a wide assortment of abilities that would profit your organization. 2. My training incorporates a B.E .in Electrical Engineering from National Institute of Technology, Tiruchi and a MBA from IGNOU, New Delhi. During my undergraduation, I did a mid year venture in Network Security, at BSNL, Coimbatore. furthermore, got a letter of gratefulness for my vision and capacity to perform multiple tasks. I wish to start my profession with Polexcel and I accept that my work with you would be exceptionally gainful to your organization and furthermore increase the value of my vocation. In the third section/closing passage, (I) spur the business for making a move, i.e., requiring a meeting (ii) express your comfort to go to the meeting. Some Sample Closings: 1. I anticipate the chance of going to a meeting when I can give extra subtleties. 2. I might want to meet you and examine the business prospects at your organization. I anticipate your answer and value your thought. 3. I will be satisfied to give any additional data you may need and expectation I might be given a chance of a meeting. 4. I wish to start my profession with SR Industries and I accept that my work with you would be profoundly advantageous to your organization and furthermore enhance my vocation. 5. I have been searching for an initial like this one, which gives a quick moving, unique workplace and quickened and testing development openings. (ii) RESUME A resume is a particular record of a candidate’s scholarly, expert and individual foundation. It is fundamentally, an expert work looking for archive that presents the outline of an individual’s instruction, proficient preparing, experience, aptitudes, capacities, accomplishments and references. The length of the resume ought to be somewhere in the range of 1 and 2 pages in length. Organization There is no particular organization for composing a resume. The resume should have a powerful structure with an attention on intelligibility and adjustment to the desires for the forthcoming business. In spite of the fact that the parts and the arrangement of a resume contrast from individual to individual and friends to organization, the standard pieces of a resume incorporate the accompanying: 1. heading, 2. position looked for, 3. profession objective, 4. instruction, 5. work understanding, 6. unique aptitudes, 7. accomplishments, 8. exercises, and interests 9. references. Some example targets 1. To fill in as a System Manager in a main IT organization where I will have chances to utilize my insight in VB, ASP, NET, XML and SQL server. 2. To be a piece of a quickly developing worldwide organization that will empower me to utilize my logical, relational and relational abilities. 3. Section level position is structure and improvement of microchip hardware; inevitable progression to positions as Technical Manager or Project Leader. Resume Style There are three adequate resume styles: Chronological, Functional and Hybrid (a blend of both) Chronological Resume: This is the most usually utilized resume style. It centers around training and experience and the subtleties are orchestrated backward sequential request. Utilitarian Resume: Functional resumes feature achievements and underscore aptitudes. The imperative aptitudes are exhibited by methods for the experience the competitor has. Blend Resume: As the name proposes, it joins the best highlights of sequential and practical resumes. This style is once in a while utilized. To put it plainly, the style of the resume relies upon the idea of the activity and the aptitudes and capability of the applicant. Focuses to Remember in Writing a Resume Make the structure and configuration lucid with fundamental segments recognizable and the individual parts unmistakable, independent and clear. Give very much characterized headings Leave enough blank area between the parts. Adjust everything to one side Leave at any rate one inch edge Utilize standard text style, ideally, Ariel or Times New Roman with 10 or 12 text dimension. Be explicit, verifiable and objective. Alter cautiously for syntax, jargon and spelling mistakes. Maintain a strategic distance from accentuation however much as could reasonably be expected. Maintain a strategic distance from segments, vertical, even lines, or boxes. Maintain a strategic distance from beautiful structures, and typography Make the resume PC well disposed. Along these lines the accomplishment of business search to a great extent relies upon a candidate’s capacity to structure a successful introductory letter and a convincing resume. LETTER OF APPLICATION In light of your ad in The Times of India of 29.06.2008, I wish to apply for the post of Software Engineer in your presumed concern. My scholarly record mirrors my genuineness and solid assurance. I graduated with a B.Tech in Information Technology from Anna University, Coimbatore with unique excellence in May 2008. I got the Chief Minister Merit Scholarship during 2006-2007 for my scholastic execution. As a dynamic and outgoing understudy, I took dynamic intrigue and interest in numerous extra curricular and co-curricular exercises and won prizes. I have encased my resume for the subtleties of my capability for your examination. As I have a sound scholarly foundation, great oral and composed relational abilities, capability in PCs and serious extent of duty, I would have the option to add to the development and extension of your organization. I anticipate having the chance to additionally examine my capabilities for the post of Software Engineer at your firm. OBJECTIVE To acquire a difficult situation as a Software Engineer in an imaginative programming organization where I will have chances to use my PC capability, correspondence and relational aptitudes to add to the development of the organization and furthermore upgrade my vocation possibilities. Training Anna University, Coimbatore B.Tech. in Information Technology, May, 2008. SH Senior Secondary School, Chennai passed Higher Secondary, April, 2004 Programming SKILLS Programming Languages: C, C++, JAVA, PERL Advancements: HTML, Java Security, JDBC Operating Systems: Linux, Unix, Windows 95/09/NT, DOS Accomplishments Won Chief Minister Merit Scholarship for scholastic capability in III tear Won First prize in Inter †University statement challenge, in 2007. Made sure about Second situation in Debugging’ challenge, held at IIT, Chennai. Exercises Was the Student Secretary for the Society of Information Technologists Had been an individual from National Cadet Corps for a long time during my school Have taken an interest in numerous extra †curricular exercises and won prizes Individual DETAILS Age Date of Birth 21 years 14.08. 1987 Conjugal Status: Single Dialects Known: Tamil, English, Hindi, German Interests: Reading fiction, Web planning and Listening to Carnatic REFERENCES 1. Dr. V.Thanuvalingam Dignitary (Academic) Anna University Coimbatore 2. Dr.K.Viswanathan Professor Head Department of Information Technology Anna University Coimbatore Undertaking: Expect that you have finished your degree and draft a letter of use to be sent to your fantasy organization. Set up your own resume to be encased alongside the introductory letter.

A Comparison of Sei Shonagon and Marie de France Essay -- comparison c

A Comparison of Sei Shonagon and Marie de France    Though in excess of 200 years have isolated Sei Shonagon and Marie de France, the scene is a lot of the equivalent. An elegant woman sits in a light lit room, with her composing hand ready over a book of material. Her face lights up in a moment of motivation and she writes angrily onto the paper. This lady is firmly connected with the imperial court and is something of a chronological error, a lady creator in a male-overwhelmed world. The scene imagined here could have occurred in either Shonagon's late tenth century Japan or the twelfth century France of Marie de France. The distinctions that exist between these two creators are a consequence of their contrasting societies and characters. Marie de France composes as a result of her time, communicating through her characters, while remembering the commands of the congregation. Sei Shonagon is governed by no such commands and subsequently composed with cruel genuineness. Appropriately, the structure, lingual authority and symbo lism utilized by each creator mirrors her own unmistakable character and qualities.  Sei Shonagon is most notable for her Pillow Book, an assortment of her own musings and perceptions during her time at court. The structure, or scarcity in that department, in this work gives the peruser a look at Shonagon's character. She writes in short blasts, giving the smaller than usual parts such titles as The Sliding Screen in the Back of the Hall, Derisive Things, and Bulls Should Have Very Small Foreheads. The titles are illustrative of her inclination to compose finally on subjects that may appear to be unimportant, or as the writer concedes in the last fragment of the Pillow Book, generally minor. truth be told, these purported insignificant perceptions give a s... ...es and societies. One creator is represented by her severe confidence and adherence to the congregation, the other by her own firmly held conclusions. Every lady's composing plainly mirrors her own particular character and disposition: Marie de France, increasingly excited and profound, Sei Shonagon, progressively sarcastic and obstinate. Both dignified women appear to be devoted to their own convictions and intelligent of their time and culture.   Works Cited  Sei Shonagon. The Pillow Book. Trans. Richard Bowring. The Norton Anthology of World Masterpieces. Extended Edition. Ed. Maynard Mack. New York: W.W. Norton and Co. 1995. 2191-2218. All citations are from this content.  De France, Marie. Eliduc. Trans. John Fowles. The Norton Anthology of World Masterpieces. Extended Edition. Ed. Maynard Mack. New York: W.W. Norton and Co. 1995. 1680-1692. All citations are from this content. Â

How to Write the Stanford Short Answer Questions Supplement 2019-2020 TKG

How to Write the Stanford Short Answer Questions Supplement 2019-2020 Stanford is thought of as one of the best schools in the world. It’s so good that they decided that publishing their astonishingly low acceptance rate isn’t even worth it. The last acceptance rate that we have was for the Class of 2022, and it was a measly 4.7%. We feel confident in saying that it hasn’t gone up since. Are we saying this to try to discourage you from applying? No. But we do want you to be fully aware that you are vying to be one of four-in-a-hundred.  In order to make applying to Stanford make sense, you have to have two things:    You have to want to go to Stanford for reasons that go far beyond it being highly ranked, and you should know those reasons in-and-out because you obsess over them.You need to have the numbers. If your test scores and grades are not out of this world, this isn’t worth it.Every year, we have students who what to take a swing at Stanford because, they say, “why not?” If Stanford had a short and easy supplement, we might agree â€" but it’s not. Their behemoth of a supplement is so long that we break it into two blog posts. This means that it takes a lot of time and energy â€" time and energy that you could be putting into schools that are a better fit. If you are not going to get into Stanford, wasting your time applying could actually hurt your chances of getting into the school that is perfect for you.  Stanford is using the same questions as last year, but that doesn’t mean we are copy-and-pasting our advice. A new year means some new thoughts on how to ace this supplement.    While you are deciding whether to apply, map out the key points that you want to hit on every application. With 11 questions in total, there is no excuse for repeats, so it’s essential to go in with a list and a plan. Then, start with the activities question. This question is tucked away under the Activities tab of their college-specific section. It’s easy to miss until the last minute, so make sure that you do it first.     Briefly elaborate on one of your extracurricular activities or work or family responsibilities. (50-150 words)*The most critical part of this question is that it doesn’t end after “activities.” Whereas most schools specify that they want to hear about a stereotypical extracurricular, Stanford offers students to share their other responsibilities with the team in admissions. By doing this, they are saying that they are equally weighted in their esteem and, we’d venture, answers to the second two are actually what they are most interested in. This is an amazing opportunity, so don’t take the easy route by writing about a club. Focus on a job you’ve had (something we encourage all of our students to get!) or a family responsibility. Whatever you choose, be sure to share a piece of your real life with the reader.    Short QuestionsWhen you go into the official supplement for Stanford, the first section is comprised of short questions. Each answer is limited to 50 words. A 50 word limit is very short and can be hard to work with if you’re not used to trimming yourself down. But that’s why we are here to help!  What is the most significant challenge that society faces today? (50 word limit)One of the themes you are going to notice in our “how to write x supplement” posts (if you haven’t already) is that we want you to get specific. This is even more important when you’re working in a tight space. For this question, you should decide on a major issue first. The first things that pop into our minds are climate change, the global refugee crisis, superbugs, and sustainable food supply. Most people will stop there and start writing, but not you! After you’ve picked your big issue, it’s time to go deep and look local. You’re probably interested in the big issue because it impacts your local community in some way. If you live in Brooklyn, you may be drawn to focusing on medical problems thanks to the recent measles outbreaks. If so, use the re surgence of measles in your area as a way to illustrate the local-ness of the global challenge. If you can’t specify how the challenge you chose impacts your community, pick a different one.How did you spend your last two summers? (50 word limit)This is not a trick question. All you have to do is to answer it simply, succinctly, and you better talk about both summers. Last year, a student sent us her Stanford supplement after finding this website (PLEASE DO NOT DO THIS) and asked for feedback on her answers. When it came to this question, she said she only wrote about the most recent summer because there wasn’t enough space. This is, to put it shortly, not cool. They want to know about two summers in 50 words. Yes, it isn’t easy, but use the space they give you, be succinct, and make it happen.  What historical moment or event do you wish you could have witnessed? (50 word limit)We love and hate this question. It’s fun, but it’s also a bit of a trap. There are too many ove r-used events (don’t say the March on Washington), and it’s too easy to pick something you may be interested in, but that doesn’t tell the reader anything about who you are. So what’s the key? Stop trying so hard. Think about events that you loved learning about in school or that are important to your family, nix any that are morbid, and focus in on one that you truly connect with. The question doesn’t ask for you to clarify why, but why you are picking this particular event should be clear in how you answer it.  What five words best describe you?Keep. This. Simple. Text three or four of your friends. Ask them for five words each. Pick the ones that you like the best, and make sure that they are varied. Don’t use both nice and kind, or both smart and clever. Be honest, be playful, and let your friends help you out.  When the choice is yours, what do you read, listen to, or watch? (50 word limit)You should be honest in every single piece of your college applications, but these are the types of questions that seem designed to prompt fibbing. At the same time, you should curate the things you do read, listen to, and watch into a cohesive list that makes sense. The best way to do this is to either have all three things fall into the same subject area or have each of them be very different. For example, don’t write that you read business books, watch Shark Tank, but listen to the Lion King soundtrack. Either go all in or make it as diverse as you can.  Name one thing you are looking forward to experiencing at Stanford. (50 word limit)Before you say “smart people,” pause. Smart people exist literally everywhere. What you put here needs to be something that exists at Stanford and nowhere else. It should also be at least academically adjacent if not specifically related to your areas of academic interest. Remember, you’re applying to college, not summer camp. If you can’t think of a specific, academically-focused reason why Stanford is for you, i t’s not for you.    Imagine you had an extra hour in the day â€" how would you spend that time? (50 word limit)Before diving into how to answer this question, we want to rule out a few common answers. Do not say that you would sleep an extra hour. In fact, don’t mention your bedroom in any way. Also, do not say that you would spend the spare time on schoolwork or volunteering. Even if you enjoy both, that isn’t very exciting, and it actually doesn’t tell the reader much more about you than that you are trying to impress them. Instead, focus on a passion. Do you love to cook? Are you trying to learn a new skateboard trick? Do you wish you could spend more time just sitting in the grass with your dog watching the clouds go by? Instead of trying to be clever or even funny, let yourself be earnest. Earnest, honest, and simple will always win out when it comes to this question.  Now you’re through the short answer questions! For help with the short essay questions (we know, mor e?!?) check out our other post on the Stanford supplement.At TKG, we work with students and families to create realistic school lists and help kids through every step of the process. Contact us here if you want to work with someone directly.

Learning Math Serve For Real Life Essay - 2205 Words

Quetext About FAQ Contact I’ve known many people that question what purpose does learning math serve for real life, and I have been one of them. Especially complex or abstract math. Until actually spending some time reflecting on it, I never realized how many forms of math, even at its most basic, are and have been utilized in life. It seems that without knowing the basics of math it would be difficult to manage many aspects of life. That includes routine tasks where math is done automatically, without awareness or thought, to instances that arise requiring a definite awareness that math needs to be employed to figure something particular out. Math is related to life in normal life in many subtle or direct ways and it would be hard to manage without some knowledge of it. Traveling often and having resided in two countries that use the metric system, Egypt and Ireland, math was necessary for handling currency conversion to doing daily tasks. Prior to major trips abroad, adding, subtracting, multiplying, and using excel to chart predicted and known expenses, is helpful. It allows the planning of a budget for airline tickets, possible visas, and living expenses while there. Math and organization are required for planning out tasks and keeping track of dates and time lengths to accomplish many things. When taking pets abroad it’s extremely important to understand relocation procedures for a pet to make it out of the country and arrive through customs in another. This includes anShow MoreRelated Educational Philosophy Essay1374 Words   |  6 PagesI have wanted to be a teacher my entire life. I do not know why I originally made the decision, but, currently, I want to be a teacher so I can give back to the world. Deciding what subject to teach took a little consideration, but I made the decision fairly easily. I began comparing subjects I enjoyed and came up with math, psychology, and home economics. After researching the job market, the choice to make was clear. This cou ntry is in need of math teachers, and therefore, that is the pathRead MoreMath 213 Reflective Paper839 Words   |  4 PagesReflective Paper - Math 213 Math 213 is a class packed full of information valuable to the development of a professional math teacher. There were several major mathematical concepts addressed in the class ranging from problem solving, numeration systems and sets, whole numbers and their operations, to algebraic thinking, integers and number theory, rational numbers as fractions, decimals and real numbers, and proportional reasoning, percents, and applications. This class enhanced my understandingRead MoreUnderstanding The Humanistic Psychology Model Of Teaching1471 Words   |  6 PagesActivity 4.3- Case Study Veronica Acevedo National University Student’s Name/Grade: Ray, 7th grade Disability designation(s): Social Skills, Mathematics Strengths Needs Interests Ways of Learning †¢ Satisfactory attendance †¢ Good rapport with teacher †¢ Family oriented †¢ Math Support †¢ Social Skills †¢ Memorization strategies †¢ Auditory issues †¢ Mechanics/Fixing his motorcycle †¢ Prefers Spanish over English †¢ Visual Learner †¢ Kinesthetic 1. Model of Teaching. Given theRead MoreThe Broader Picture Of Education924 Words   |  4 PagesPicture of Education Most kids go to school expecting to learn the basic math problems, and how to spell â€Å"appreciate†. But in all honestly school is bigger than that, education has a broader picture. It’s learning life lessons and basic knowledge of the world around them. It helps them become a better person to be around and work with. Education is important in many ways. Students learn to solve the bigger problems as well as learning communication and organizational skills which are key components toRead MoreImproving Students With Math Difficulties1165 Words   |  5 PagesPerforming poorly in mathematics has dire future outcomes. This is particularly true for students. with math difficulties. â€Å"Good numeracy is essential in helping our children learn., As students, understanding information makes sense of statistics and economic news which is essential in today’s society. Decisions in life are often based on numerical information: to make the best choices, we need to b e numerate†. Poor numeracy is a problem for students who struggle to use numbers. Numeracy complementsRead MoreNegative Effects Of Technology On Youth1013 Words   |  5 Pagesweakens social skills, distracts from real life, and interferes with the process of learning. Technology negatively affects today’s youth because it weakens social skills. The children and young adults of today communicate too much through text messages and e-mails. Instead, people need to talk to one another in person to develop stronger social skills. Social media causes social problems because people make assumptions about one another before meeting in real life. These assumptions made could potentiallyRead MoreWhy the School System is Failing: Students Opinion on How it Can Improve765 Words   |  4 PagesKing eating too much, too fast to be satisfied, and then pucking it up. Good learning, like good eating, is not only mental and physical, but also spiritual. Generally you can satisfy the craving only in calm. If you don’t have sufficient time or peace to digest knowledge, it only gives you a headache. (Llewellyn 49) Learning in the busywork fashion makes it pointless to go to school. Your regurgitation, or rote learning, of random pointless facts about the antebellum period or how many moleculesRead MoreTheory-Part 1. What Are The Principals Governing The Creation1006 Words   |  5 Pagesyou want†. The Montessori prepared environment provides activities and materials which motivate the child’s interest and inner concentration which result self-discipline. The children make their own choice in their activities allows for independent learning and satisfaction. Montessori’s definition of discipline is not something the teacher does to control children. There is a self-discipline in Montessori classroom that means a child is responsible for his/her act. Responsibility to the environmentRead MorePractical Life Essay1168 Words   |  5 PagesPractical Life Written Examination Paper By Ben(Zhibin Xu) Capital College California In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Credential of Montessori Teacher May , 2013 Under the Supervision of Ms. Evelyn You are asked to set up a practical life area in the classroom. What are the principles you must take into consideration in designing the practical life materials? I’ll consider the function and manageability, goodRead MoreLearning and Degree Program Essay687 Words   |  3 PagesThe sources I have become comfortable with include books, online articles, online videos and media. 2. Relational Learning Describe the ways and list the courses in which you transferred knowledge from life lessons and formal instruction to new situations. By taking time each week to reflect on what I have learned and how the teaching relate to my career and personal life I have developed critical thinking skills. Looking outside of the box, I am now able to stand back from a situation and

Essay on Life in Ancient Egypt - 1394 Words

Life in Ancient Egypt Life in Ancient Egypt was one that involved an ordered life. The Nile flooded and the sun dried the land on a regular basis every year. People lived their lives in a orderly fashion that has them following set routines from year to year. This routine was greatly integrated with the Egyptian belief in the spiritual world and the religion it soon became. Egyptian religion helped people to see definition in their lives and gave them something to live for. There was an afterlife to look forward to and a spiritual rule of law that would take care of them until then. Also there was a state that was created by the religion to lead the people correctly. Therefore, the most important role that religion played in Egypt†¦show more content†¦For Egyptians this could therefore also be applied to their own lives and death. The afterlife was thus viewed simply as an extension of earthly existence with the rebirth in the afterlife comparable to the flooding of the Nile every year that brou ght new life to the crops of Egypt. This idea of life gave Egyptians a structure and goal to their lives. In this sense, it helped to fulfill the most important function of religion in Egyptian society. It gave people something to live for and an event to build themselves towards. Individuals believed that after death, their hearts would be weighed against a feather in the Hall of Maat, by the goddess of truth. Osiris#8230;weighing human beings hearts to determine whether they had lived justly enough to deserve everlasting life.(Mckay 25) If lighter than the feather, would be allowed passage to an eternal and pleasant life. Therefore, People lived their lives to prepare for the day when they would die and their hearts would be weighed to see if they were actually worthy. This made people live good lives and try to keep their hearts good for when it would be weighed. It also gave them the ability to approach death with a degree of happiness and relief, not fear. Therefore it gave them a sense of peace and order in their lives that they may have needed each day to get by. Therefore, this reliance on deathShow MoreRelatedLife in Ancient Egypt1421 Words   |  6 PagesLife in Ancient Egypt was very different from today Religion was key and was an important part in the everyday life of Egyptians This was shown in all aspects, particularly in the form of gods, temples, belief in the afterlife, mummification, tombs, pyramids, weighing of the heart and the journey to the afterlife The gods were the foundation Egyptian religion The ancient Egyptians had hundreds gods and goddesses whom they believed in and worshipped every day They believed that life would crumbleRead MoreThe Contents of the Tomb and What They Suggest About Life in Ancient Egypt at the Time of Tutankamun687 Words   |  3 PagesThe Contents of the Tomb and What They Suggest About Life in Ancient Egypt at the Time of Tutankamun Archaeological evidence from the tomb of Tutankhamun provides substantial information about life Kingdom Egypt in the eighteenth dynasty. From the archaeological evidence gained from the tombs conclusions can be drawn about religion and the afterlife, the everyday life of ancient Egyptians, of Government during the five hundred year period, and of the arts and sciences ofRead MoreAncient Egypt Civilization : Ancient And Modern Egypt968 Words   |  4 Pages Ancient and Modern Egypt There are some countries that have a large civilization, but how many countries have had a successful civilization throughout its existence? What if there is a country that has a civilization from 7000 years ago that has a rich history, various progresses, cultures, governments, customs, and habits? A lot of its heritage still exists until now, Egypt was one of the most wonderful civilizations in human history. Ancient Egyptians lived around the Nile River, where they foundRead MoreThe Geography Of Ancient Egypt1510 Words   |  7 Pages Ancient Egypt was one of the most powerful and innovative civilizations. As one of the six civilizations to arise independently, Egypt eventually became one of the most influential nations that lasted over three thousand years, from 3000 B.C to around 30 B.C Egypt boasted of strong leaders, a rich culture, a hierarchical society, and the source of much of it’s wealth, the Nile. The Nile provided the Egyptians with necessities like food, water , transportation, building supplies, and more. Using theRead MoreEssay about Ancient Egypt and Ancient Greece903 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Ancient Egypt and Ancient Greece† According to history there existed two of many important ancient civilizations that left a significant mark in the history of human development that even today leaves modern society in awe of its greatness. In spite of being distant civilizations, Ancient Egypt and Ancient Greece share similarities and difference in terms of how they practiced religion,political structure, everyday life style, and how they built the monumental architectures that continued to amazeRead MoreTaking a Look at Ancient Egypt1181 Words   |  5 Pagesby the Atlantic Ocean. Africa is known to have many diverse environments, which include arid areas, semi-arid, Tropical rainforests, Savanna, vast swamps and snowcapped mountains in the south of Africa. The first ever civilization in Africa was in Egypt along the river Nile. This civilization later spread to the other parts of Africa. The emergence of civilization in Africa provided a framework for most of developments in African history. There were differen t setups cultural and political aspectsRead MoreAncient Egypt and Mondern Society981 Words   |  4 Pageslives was that of Ancient Egypt. Their systems of religion and technological innovation helped not only to leave a permanent impression on the world, but also served to mold both the civilizations that directly followed it as well as society today. The Ancient Egyptian civilization spanned several thousand years and is one of the few societies of the time that came into being independently. â€Å"Egyptian civilization coalesced around 3150 B.C. with the unification of upper and lower Egypt under the firstRead MoreSimilarities Between Ancient Egypt And Ancient Greece1103 Words   |  5 PagesAncient Egypt (3000 BCE – 30 BCE) and Ancient Greece (1200 BCE – 146 BCE) based their entire lives around their religious beliefs. These beliefs led to their religious practices which were included in every aspect of their lives. Since ancient Greece’s and ancient Egypt’s beliefs differ greatly, endless differences can be shown between their religious practices. However, between the two cultures, many surprising similarities can be seen in these religious practices despite the tremendous differencesRead MoreCharacteristics Of Ancient Egypt1172 Words   |  5 PagesEgypt Essay Payton Manoogian Ancient Egypt Ancient Egypt was an organized civilization because of the important civilization indicators they had- the seven indicators. Government is a part of the seven indicators. Government helped Ancient Egypt be well organized. The government had government officials and workers that worked there. Some jobs of the government were, the pharaoh, the vizier, nomarks, army commander, chief treasurer, and the minister of public buildings. The most importantRead MoreAncient Egypt : Religion And Religion1374 Words   |  6 PagesEgypt is country with lots of religious connections. Religion in Egypt helped the communities come together and created understandings and shared values. Aspects of Egyptian life like law and art were connected with religion. Gods were represented with many things in nature like animals. Religion and life were very combined. Many aspects of Egyptian culture and civilization are connected with religion. Nature aspects like the sun and river is answered with what the gods do in mythology. Ancient Egypt

Pad 500 Week 3 Dq - 958 Words

PAD 500 WEEK 3 DQ To Purchase this tutorial visit following link http://wiseamerican.us/product/pad-500-week-3-dq/ Contact us at: SUPPORT@WISEAMERICAN.US PAD 500 WEEK 3 DQ â€Å"Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation† Please respond to the following. Note: Online students, please respond to two (2) of the following three (3) bulleted items. †¢ Evaluate the importance of each major step in policy analysis as it relates to political choice. Next, debate if one would consider any of these steps more important than another. Provide a rationale to support your answer. †¢ Consider Luther Gullick’s views on the division of work. Discuss the overall manner in which the division of work that Gullick espouses impacts the size of public†¦show more content†¦Provide two to three (2-3) examples of such an impact—or lack thereof—in order to support your response. †¢ From the e-Activity, select two to three (2-3) aspects of the U.S. Office of Personnel Management’s (OPM) 2014-2018 strategic plan that would mostly likely be difficult to implement, and analyze the main reasons why the aspects in question would make implementation such a challenge. Next, suggest one (1) method that a policy analyst could use in order to implement the strategic plan overall. Provide a rationale to support your answer. PAD 500 WEEK 3 DQ â€Å"Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation† Please respond to the following. Note: Online students, please respond to two (2) of the following three (3) bulleted items. †¢ Evaluate the importance of each major step in policy analysis as it relates to political choice. Next, debate if one would consider any of these steps more important than another. Provide a rationale to support your answer. †¢ Consider Luther Gullick’s views on the division of work. Discuss the overall manner in which the division of work that Gullick espouses impacts the size of public administration. Provide two to three (2-3) examples of such an impact—or lack thereof—in order to support your response. †¢ From the e-Activity, select two to three (2-3) aspects of the U.S. Office of Personnel Management’s (OPM) 2014-2018 strategic plan that would mostlyShow MoreRelatedâ€Å"Case Study and Scope of Enterprise Resource Planning (Erp)9096 Words   |  37 Pages| 2. | OBJECTIVE OF STUDY OF PROJECT | 01/04/11 | | 3. | RESEARCH METHODOLOGY | 04/04/11 | | 4. | ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION | 05/04/11 | | 5. | CONCLUSION | 07/04/11 | | 6. | RECOMMENDATIONS | 11/04/11 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | CONTENTS SR. No. | CHAPTERS | PAGE No. | 1 | INTRODUCTION TO THE PROJECT | 7 | 2 | HCL COMPANY PROFILE | 9-32 | 3 | PRODUCT PROFILE | 34-50 | 4 | REVIEW OF LITERATURE | Read MoreCoffee and Crisis Management Team21317 Words   |  86 PagesInformation †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦........42 Crisis Team Contact Information†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...........43 Part II .......................................................................................................................................46 3 Purpose of Starbucks Crisis Management Plan The purpose of the Starbucks Crisis Management Plan is to provide clear and concise guidance to our partners and organization, in the event of a crisis, to respond and recover from disasters or other unplannedRead MoreInnovators Dna84615 Words   |  339 PagesI E W P R E S S BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS 100092 00 i-vi r1 rr.qxp 5/13/11 6:52 PM Page iv Copyright 2011 Jeff Dyer, Hal Gregersen, and Clayton M. Christensen All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form, or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise), without the prior permission of theRead MoreMonte Carlo Simulation218872 Words   |  876 Pagesparts. The ï ¬ rst part, Chapters 1–3, develops fundamentals of Monte Carlo methods. Chapter 1 summarizes the theoretical foundations of derivatives pricing and Monte Carlo. It explains the principles by which a pricing problem can be formulated as an integration problem to which Monte Carlo is then applicable. Chapter 2 discusses random number generation and methods for sampling from nonuniform distributions, tools fundamental to every application of Monte Carlo. Chapter 3 provides an overview of some

Forensic Investigation

Question: First, review two States and identify the requirements to become a forensic investigator. Identify the minimum requirements and if licensing is needed in those States. Answer: Requirements for becoming a forensic investigator Requirements in the state of Florida The first state chosen for analysis in forensic investigation is Florida. For becoming an expert in forensic science it is essential that any individual has to undertake the educational programs on forensic science. In Florida there exist sixteen schools that provide programs in forensic science for students. Out of these sixteen schools there are ten schools that help the students to learn forensic science by giving lessons in chemistry, biology and some other sciences that can help them gather knowledge on enforcement in law. There are also some academic measures that have forensic courses on law, criminal justice, behavioral analysis and clinical psychology. The experts in forensic science are generally trained in crime scene investigation or analysis that is done in the laboratory (Breur, Kommer, Nijboer Reijntjes, n.d.). The primary work of the crime scene investigators is to examine the scene where the crime has taken place and collect adequate evidence that includes the collection of weapons, samples of blood and other essential substances, or clothing (Edwards, 2006). They also collect fingerprints, make sketches and take photographs in the crime scene (Horswell, 2008). The educational requirement in the state of Florida varies according to the different positions an individual holds in the forensic department. These educational requirements vary from a simple high school diploma to a bachelors degree. Further consultations with the local police department also help to give information on becoming a forensic expert. The officers would be able to throw light on the requirements that is available in their departments or agencies for forensic experts. For technicians in the area of forensic science it is not essential to have a degree as is the case in a number of agencies. However, when special technological experts are required generally individuals with degrees in biology and chemistry are preferred. A degree in forensic science is always more helpful as it increases their chances for getting jobs as well as promotion in future. Colleges in Florida such as Hillsborough Community College allow students to obtain degrees and certificates in fingerprinting, technologies associated with crime scene investigation and analysis of crimes. In order to complete the course one has to complete six credits for crime analysis, four for fingerprinting, and technology for crime scene requires 28 credits (Csiacademyflorida.com, 2015). Another college the Palm Beach State College also provides degree on crime scene technologies. Some of the other courses available here include courses on photography of crime scenes, classification of fingerprints, safety issues in crime scenes and taking of evidence. Florida also situates the American Academy of Forensic Sciences that is a professional society that is totally involved with the application of science and law. There are some institutions that is governed by this organization and which offers a number of degrees in forensic science (Csiacademyflorida.com, 2015). Individuals who have worked as a police officer in the criminal are or have served as an officer in the military the chances of getting a job in this field increases. This is primarily because the experience one gains in the criminal field can be extremely helpful in this department. After a person is chosen to become a forensic investigator he or she is made to go through a training program that is supervised by the seniors in the department (Millen, 2000). In some cases it is a training session or sometimes it is a kind of an internship. With regard to licensing in this area it must be noted that there exist no particular licensing for forensic experts. However, the license exists for private investigators. It should also be noted that investigation in computer forensic is a significant part of the private investigation and controversy exists as to whether the licensing for private investigation applies to the computer forensics as well. The relevant statutes in the Florida does not mention anything regarding licensing of the forensic investigation experts. Requirements in the state of Ohio The next state chosen for analysis of forensic investigation is the state of Ohio. In this state there lies a good variety of education as well as career opportunities for the investigators specializing in forensic science. This field of forensic science has a number of diverse methods for individuals specialized in different fields of forensic study ('Forensic Evidence and Crime Scene Investigation', 2013). The role of the forensic experts is more or less the same in all the states with very minor modifications. In the state of Ohio, the scientists analyse and uncover the physical evidence for the cases. Mostly the work of the experts is in laboratories. The expert also is required to maintain data, give reports and appear as witnesses in the courts when required (Ohioattorneygeneral.gov, 2015). Hence it is also essential that the experts are well-versed with the procedures in court and also have strong skills in communication. Forensic investigators are further classified in to crime scene investigators or forensic investigators and ballisticians. The state has the Department of Job and Family Services that gives details about the trend of forensic jobs in the recent future. The forensic jobs include the jibs of forensic scientists as well as that of the crime scene investigators. There exist a number of forensic laboratories that employ forensic experts in a regular basis. The forensic experts are categorized as evidence technicians, or as forensic analysts or as lab technicians for the forensic departments (Smith, 2007). The police department of the state also hires forensic experts. With regard to certification and licensing it must be noted that generally no license or certificate is required by the forensic experts. However this criterion is subject to the specializations of the experts. For instance, in case of forensic odontologists license and certificate is required since they are dentists. Further forensic experts in computers also can get a certification by going through training programs. However, it is not a necessity in this field (Ohioattorneygeneral.gov, 2015). The primary advantage of certification is that it gives better chance for the individuals with certification to get opportunities in forensic investigation. For specialized fields of knowledge the certification becomes essential (Janovsky, 2003). The state of Ohio offers certification to the individuals who have high and special qualifications in the different fields of forensic research and investigation. The Ohio Identification Officers Association is the organization that offers certificat ion to specialized officers. With regard to licensing of the forensic experts they are no particular licensing requirements in the state for them individually. Comparative Analysis and Recommendations When a comparison is made between two states it can be observed that basic requirements are similar in both Florida and Ohio. Firstly, both the states provide ample opportunities to study forensic science in their territories. Comparatively it might be seen that the state of Florida offers wider opportunities in this regard. Secondly, with regard to certification firstly it needs to be noted that most of the states in United States do not provide for licensing of the forensic investigators. Therefore in both of the states mentioned here the certification and licensing is not required. However, in this regard the state of Ohio still recommends for certification of some of the specialized experts. It is suggested that all the states make licensing a vital criteria and a necessary part of the requirements. With the increasing number of experts in this field and also looking at the significance of the work they are involved in it is necessary to certify them. Further it is essential to c arry out training sessions for the forensic experts since this would give them an outlook of the work they would be involved. References Breur, C., Kommer, M., Nijboer, J., Reijntjes, J.New trends in criminal investigation and evidence. Csiacademyflorida.com,. (2015).CSI Academy of Florida | Hands-on Forensic Training. Retrieved 16 March 2015, from https://www.csiacademyflorida.com/ Edwards, C. (2006). Science at the scene of crime.Engineering Technology,1(2), 24-25. doi:10.1049/et:20060201 Forensic Evidence and Crime Scene Investigation. (2013).J Forensic Investig,01(02). doi:10.13188/2330-0396.1000004 Horswell, E. (2008). Crime scene investigators.Seced. doi:10.12968/sece.2008.1.1073 Janovsky, T. (2003). Forensic Science - Society is Depending (Dependent?) on Us.Australian Journal Of Forensic Sciences,35(1), 161-169. doi:10.1080/00450610309410575 Millen, P. (2000). Is crime scene investigation forensic science? Are crime scene investigators forensic scientists?.Science Justice,40(2), 125-126. doi:10.1016/s1355-0306(00)71957-5 Ohioattorneygeneral.gov,. (2015).Ohio Attorney General Mike DeWine - Bureau of Criminal Investigation. Retrieved 16 March 2015, from https://www.ohioattorneygeneral.gov/Law-Enforcement/Bureau-of-Criminal-Investigation Smith, R. (2007). Crime scene investigators.Nature,445(7129), 794-794. doi:10.1038/nj7129-794a

The Tenets of Behaviorism an Example by

The Tenets of Behaviorism Behaviorism is an approach which is often attributed to John Watson (Green, 2001). The said school dominated much of Northern American psychology during the 1920s until the 1960s (Green, 2001). Need essay sample on "The Tenets of Behaviorism" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Behaviorism can be viewed as a reaction to the prevailing views in psychology in 1913. During that time, psychology was regarded as the study of the mind. The method of introspection by a trained observer under controlled conditions was employed in order to study consciousness - then defined as the core phenomena of mind (Wozniak, 1997). Almost 25 years later, psychology shifted its focus: from being confined to the study of mental phenomena, it moved towards the study of behavior. Methods of analysis typically involved objective observations of behavioral data which varied as a result of experimental manipulation of stimulus conditions. Indeed, learning and memory were considered as the core phenomena of behavior (Woodworth, 1938 as cited from Wozniak, 1997). Although it has been instructive to view behaviorism as a singular school, nothing could be farther from the truth. In fact, behaviorism consists of different approaches. For instance, Ivan Pavlov paved the way for the development of classical conditioning while B. F. Skinner, introduced operant conditioning. These approaches provide different explanations behind the processes which account for learning (Ormrod, 2004). Despite the different approaches within the paradigm; different behaviorists agree on the following tenets behind it. First, the principles behind learning should equally operate on different animal species and on different behaviors. Using the assumption that all humans and animals learn alike; behaviorist apply to human learning the principles which they have derived from their study of nonhuman species. Second, the learning process can be studied most effectively when one focuses on the stimuli and responses involved (Ormrod, 2004). Third, mental phenomena are excluded from psychological study because they could not be objectively measured (Mayer, 2007). Fourth, learning must involve a behavior change. Indeed, some behaviorists believe that learning could only be inferred if it involved a behavior change. Fifth, behaviorists believe that organisms are born as blank slates. Different environmental experiences account for the individual differences in organisms. Sixth, learning is l argely a function of environmental factors. Most learning is therefore assumed to occur beyond the individuals control. Lastly, behaviorists emphasize the value of parsimonious theories. Parsimonious theories account for simple as well as complex behaviors using the fewest learning principles (Ormrod, 2004). The said tenets thus provide the best contrasts between the behaviorist and functionalist schools of psychology. While behaviorism focuses on overt behaviors and emphasizes the use of objective methods in measuring learning and memory; functionalism focuses on mental processes and their relation to behavior. Introspection was the primary method used in order to study mental processes and the focus was shifted in examining how the systems within the mind interacted while it was functioning (Gordon, 1995). In essence, the behaviorist and functionalist paradigms provide two ways to understand psychology. While the behaviorists are right to point out that psychology should focus on behavior and should use scientific methods in its study; it should take into consideration that mental processes within the individual are also significant avenues of study as well. For instance, the functionalist paradigm is still prevalent in mainstream psychology in that modern psychology acknowledges the importance of looking at the process rather than the structure (Gordon, 1995). In fact, no argument is better to point out that both paradigms are valid approaches to the field other than the definition of psychology itself. After all, psychology is now defined as the scientific study of mental processes and behavior (Zimmer, 1999). References Gordon, Oakley. (1995). William James and Functionalism. A Brief History of Psychology. Green, Christopher (2001).Introduction to: Psychology as the Behaviorist Views it. John B. Watson (1913). Classics in the History of Psychology. Retrieved December 8, 2007, http://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Watson/intro.htm Mayer, Ronald. (2007). Unit 7 Behaviorism. Psychology 601: Theoretical Backgrounds in Psychology Homepage. Retrieved December 8, 2007, http://online.sfsu.edu/~psych601/unit7/671.htm Ormrod, Jeanne. (2004). Human Learning, 4th Edition. New Jersey: Pearson Education,Inc. Wozniak, Robert. (1997). Commentary on Psychology as the Behaviorist View It John B. Watson (1913). Originally published as "Behaviorism," In Bringmann, W.G., Luck, H.E., Miller, R., Zimmer, Gene. (1999). The Definition of Psychology. Foundation for Truth in Reality.

Free Essays on Catch The Vision

Catch the Vision â€Å"I’m the child they stole from the sand three hundred years ago in Africa’s land.† -Langston Hughes Three hundred years ago in America before man could fly, women could vote or anyone ever walked on the moon, blacks were enslaved. They were brought to American in slave ships by the thousands. Their families were ripped apart, there way of life, their culture, everything the knew was taken away from them and they were cast into this strange new land. For the next two hundred or so years blacks in America were not free. During this time it was against the law to educate a slave for it was said that â€Å"an educated slave was a danger to society but an ignorant one was only a danger to himself.† But because they had a vision of freedom, for their children and their children’s children for generations to come, they kept fighting. After years of struggling blacks finally received their freedom, but no one ever said freedom meant equality. Blacks endured â€Å"separate but equal† laws that forbade them from attending the same schools, sitting on the same seats or e ven drinking from the same drinking fountains as whites. But thanks to the visions of some of America’s greatest hero’s like Martin Luther King, Rosa Parks and the warriors who became known as The Little Rock Nine the vision of equality became a reality. Today more than ever blacks in America are truly catching the vision. â€Å"Now through my children young and free I’m realizing the blessings denied to me† -Langston Hughes I come from a small family; it’s just my mother my brother and myself, my father left before I even remember. My mother has done her best to raise us. She never had a chance to go to college and is just now going back as age 40. She has instilled in my brother and me the importance of getting an education and how many of our people have died, endured ridicule and fought so that I can attend any institution I set ... Free Essays on Catch The Vision Free Essays on Catch The Vision Catch the Vision â€Å"I’m the child they stole from the sand three hundred years ago in Africa’s land.† -Langston Hughes Three hundred years ago in America before man could fly, women could vote or anyone ever walked on the moon, blacks were enslaved. They were brought to American in slave ships by the thousands. Their families were ripped apart, there way of life, their culture, everything the knew was taken away from them and they were cast into this strange new land. For the next two hundred or so years blacks in America were not free. During this time it was against the law to educate a slave for it was said that â€Å"an educated slave was a danger to society but an ignorant one was only a danger to himself.† But because they had a vision of freedom, for their children and their children’s children for generations to come, they kept fighting. After years of struggling blacks finally received their freedom, but no one ever said freedom meant equality. Blacks endured â€Å"separate but equal† laws that forbade them from attending the same schools, sitting on the same seats or e ven drinking from the same drinking fountains as whites. But thanks to the visions of some of America’s greatest hero’s like Martin Luther King, Rosa Parks and the warriors who became known as The Little Rock Nine the vision of equality became a reality. Today more than ever blacks in America are truly catching the vision. â€Å"Now through my children young and free I’m realizing the blessings denied to me† -Langston Hughes I come from a small family; it’s just my mother my brother and myself, my father left before I even remember. My mother has done her best to raise us. She never had a chance to go to college and is just now going back as age 40. She has instilled in my brother and me the importance of getting an education and how many of our people have died, endured ridicule and fought so that I can attend any institution I set ...

Qualitative Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Qualitative Analysis - Essay Example However, most of these forms of answers sometimes provide additional information that may be vital for the research. Therefore, qualitative research is an essential tool in evidence based policing. If the offenders are involved in the interview or research, it should be noted that these characters tend to provide vague verbal expressions that have a high degree of uncertainty; thus, they may make the investigators to misinterpret such claims a factor that may mislead the investigation (Hayden, 2012). Moreover, such vagueness of expressions may lead to empirical difficulties to verify the effectiveness of the criminal profiles developed from such research work (Agarwal and Agarwal, 2008). Therefore, this essay aims at addressing the significance of effective and ineffective reporting of the qualitative criminal research findings. The article â€Å"The Evolutional View of the Types of Identity Thefts and Online Frauds in the Era of the Internet† by Shun-Yung Kevin Wang and Wilso n Huang is pegged on their research work on Online Frauds (Wang and Huang, 2011). From the article, it is apparent that these researchers have highly concentrated the negative effects of the internet thereby they might have disregarded other vital information that might have been provided concerning their topic research. However, it is important to analyze presented information that is not relevant to the topic of concern. Analysis of such information is vital for such information usually provides hints to other factors that contribute or are likely to contribute to the advancement of such crime (Greasley, 2008). Wang and Huang’s article aimed at addressing Types of Identity Thefts and Online Frauds in the Era of the Internet, a topic that might have just concentrated on factors that fuels such crime, but it is apparent that the reported they provided also contains the advancement of this criminal act that may be considered as positively reported negative evidence. For instan ce, they reported, â€Å"With the continuous advancement of Internet technology and personal computing devices in recent years, Internet crimes have risen to an alarming level (Wang and Huang, 2011).† This form of information is quite important since if the activities related to that crime are increasing, it would be upon the law reinforces to revolve of measures to take towards curbing; otherwise, reducing the same factors or activities. On the other hand, Wang and Huang seemed to have failed to record what most respondents tend to give at the end of the interview or following the structures of certain questions. In their report, they should have mentioned the solutions offered by their correspondents suggested to reduce or eradicate the internet related criminal activities (Faherty, 2008). For instance, they noted, â€Å"the integration of such diverse technological applications coupled with the rapid growth of online users make fraudulent activities likely to rise further , if no intervention is proposed and implemented (Wang and Huang, 2011).† In this part of their report, they failed to list other integrated services and applications that when coupled with the use of the internet and its high number of users will increase the crime immensely. Lack of reporting some negative evidences collected from qualitative criminal

ETH301 MODULE 2 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

ETH301 MODULE 2 - Assignment Example Others thought that the law must be followed. In this case the law does not allow anyone access to emails of deceased. Agreements are between an individual and the service providers, which in this case, Yahoo. The agreement meant that no third-party should get access to the email for it would be a violation to the agreement signed (Herold, 2012). The military have tried to advice soldiers on having a letter with IDs and passwords to their e-mail accounts. This letter should be kept by someone they trust and delivered ‘only when the solider dies (Kopetski, 2012). But this still raises many concerns on how the person should be trusted since privacy can be compromised (Wilkens, 2011). According to Herold, (2012) privacy is important and many people would not want to share their emails with others whether alive or dead. Another case is having important data stored on ones email. When the person dies it will mean that this information is lost forever. The family will not be able to get what they could have inherited from the deceased (Kopetski, 2012). The case of Ellsworth is viewed either in the Utilitarian or Deontological point of view. According to Utilitarian theory, actions are considered to be right provided they promote happiness and satisfaction and wrong when they cause sadness (Latus, 2012). The Utilitarian in Ellsworths case appeared to have had more meaning to many people who were in support of the familys request as stated by Kopetski. Ellsworths parents wanted some comfort and satisfaction by getting access to their sons emails. They were not happy when Yahoo denied them access to these emails. The action by Yahoo to deny Ellsworth parents access to their sons e-mails was wrong according to Utilitarian since it led to sadness on their part (Latus, 2012). From what Susan Llewelyn wrote, she does not see the difference between an e-mail address and any

Precision System Inc Essay Example for Free

Precision System Inc Essay The decision that the group would take is to implement a web-based ordering system that would allow customers to configure their orders in accordance with the specification that they want. Through this the data entry error will decrease. The necessary steps for planning the implementation of a web-based ordering system are stated bellow. The first step in implementing this course of action is to determine the objectives of the company. As for our PSI it aims to reduce its error in order entry stage of the business process. The company should also take into account the customers that will be using the website so that we can better design it in accordance with their characteristics and the data information that they would provide as deemed necessary to process an order. We should also take into account the constraints of creating a website such as bandwidth so that we can properly take this into account in the design phase of the website construction. The second step is to construct metrics that will help in determining the success or the failure of the selected course of action. Such metrics for PSI includes that the incremental cost for the web-based ordering system should not be more than 15.72% of the estimated annual failure cost. This will help the company evaluate whether the investment is fulfilling its intended purpose or not. The third step is to define system specifications. PSI should identify the features that can be done through the website which comprises of the ordering features for the goods sold by the company. PSI should also specify business requirements which are as follows: customer may change or cancel their order one week from the required delivery date of the equipment after which the order is said to be final, the allowed mode of payments will also be identified, the maximum and minimum orders needed for a certain transaction, and all other policies that the company wants to implement. PSI should not forget to identify the role of the customers in this web-base ordering system which is imputing their order specifications and sending the request for the order through the said website. We can use site map or written system requirements depending on the complexity of the specifications the company aims to make. Lastly, we need to identify the infrastructure needed for the system if there is any. The forth step is building a content map. It is where we actually identify the text, pictures, sounds, database, and any data form that will be contained in the website that PSI aims to create. The data should be match with the firms’ specifications so that the content will be appropriate for its intended purpose. It is but necessary in this stage to identify the person who will be responsible for the implementation of this website. PSI should also identify the persons who has the authority to alter the data in the website. To ensure everything is in its proper place, a content plan should be develop. The fifth and final step is the identification of management and maintenance personnel. PSI should identify the person who will be responsible for the overall system so that the website operations can properly be monitored. The maintenance personnel should also be identified due to the fact that we would rather not let the website stale and lose the return on investment that we might have generated if resources were properly use. After the stated steps above, we can now operationalize the plan we have formulated above so that we can actually have a website that will be able to take the orders of our customers. The steps to be followed under the implementation phase would be stated bellow. The first thing to do is to find a vendor who will create the website for the company at the least amount of economic outflow without sacrificing its quality. In here, PSI and the vendor company should list the tasks assigned to each party so that there is no redundancy of work. The list of tasks should include the date and time of implementation so that we can ensure that the necessary task to be performed is being accomplished. The second step is preparing the company for change which is not an easy thing to do. People in the organization especially those who might lose their job or have a hard time coping with new systems being installed would naturally oppose such a change. That is why a considerable time should be spent to ensure that the people of the organization is ready for any alteration in their normal work environment. The employees of PSI which are currently in the order entry department won’t be fired but their responsibility will no longer include that of encoding the orders of the company. The third step is to inform the customers with the web-based ordering system because they are also one of the stakeholders for the change that we are going to implement. Informing them of the modifications will hopefully get them on-board with our decision which will make the implementation of the change easier on the companies part. Lastly, we should track our results and modify operations for necessary improvement. We will track the results of the project by comparing the actual from the metrics develop in the planning phase of the study. Through this, we will know where we are and where we are suppose to be. If we are far from our goals we need to check what we are doing wrong and fine-tune the operations. This cycle of improvements never ends as business of today always seeks for improvement.

Resolving Family Conflict :: essays research papers

Families provide people with an atmosphere in which to live, grow, and develop. A family culture is established by the parents and instilled in the children during their upbringing. A healthy family is a family which follows a set of strong morals, stays loyal to one another, cooperates, and works together to avoid conflict. An environment where there is openness amongst family members is ideal because minds that are open are more susceptible to avoiding conflict than minds that are closed. If conflict gets the best of a family, it has the potential to increase hostility and create remoteness between family members, however, if a family resolves conflict, it can strengthen and enforce the family relationships.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A family must establish a set of values and morals that the members should try to live and abide by. It does not mean writing them down on paper and following them as if they are laws, but it simply means taking a practical approach to raising a family. The best way to ensure that these morals are followed by the children is by having the parents follow them as well. Children learn by modeling the authorities and in every family, the authorities are the parents. The parents are ultimately responsible for their children’s behavior because the children act accordingly to what they are taught and what they witness. If the parents set a bad example for behavior, chances are that the children justify any wrong behavior by arguing that that is how their parents act.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  An important precept that any parent should follow is not to give into temptation. This means being loyal to their partner by not committing acts of adultery. Willy Loman gave into temptation. He did not follow proper morals when his exposure to loneliness got the best of him. His son, Biff, was devastated after he caught his father being disloyal and having an affair behind his mother’s back. The incident scarred Biff for life and at the same time, caused great conflict between him and his father. If Willy would not have even become involved in an affair, his relationship with his son and family could have been more fulfilling. However, Willy was an impulsive, even selfish thinker and he went ahead with having an affair, giving in to temptation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  For a parent to have an affair is very risky because it jeopardizes his whole family relationship.

Purchasing and supplies assignment Essay

ABC analysis In materials management, the ABC analysis (or Selective Inventory Control) is an inventory categorization technique. ABC analysis divides an inventory into three categories- â€Å"A items† with very tight control and accurate records, â€Å"B items† with less tightly controlled and good records, and â€Å"C items† with the simplest controls possible and minimal records. The ABC analysis provides a mechanism for identifying items that will have a significant impact on overall inventory cost, while also providing a mechanism for identifying different categories of stock that will require different management and controls. The ABC analysis suggests that inventories of an organization are not of equal value. Thus, the inventory is grouped into three categories (A, B, and C) in order of their estimated importance. ‘A’ items are very important for an organization. Because of the high value of these ‘A’ items, frequent value analysis is required. In addition to that, an organization needs to choose an appropriate order pattern (e.g. ‘Just- in- time’) to avoid excess capacity. ‘B’ items are  important, but of course less important than ‘A’ items and more important than ‘C’ items. Therefore ‘B’ items are intergroup items. ‘C’ items are marginally important. Advantages and Disadvantages of ABC Analysis Inventory Activity Based Costing, or ABC, is a method of allocating overhead and direct expenses related to the most important activities of the company first. This process allows business owners and managers an opportunity to better define the areas of manufacturing or sales that generate the most profit for the company. Inventory analyzed under the ABC method is classified in order of profitability to the company. Class A inventory accounts for 80 percent of revenue, class B inventory for 15 percent of revenue and class C inventory for 5 percent of revenue. Better Control of High-Priority Inventory ABC inventory analysis places tighter and more frequent controls on high-priority inventory. High-priority inventory, or class A inventory, is the class of inventory that customers request most often. In manufacturing, class A inventory also can include the items most often used in the production of goods. Because Class A inventory is directly linked to the success of the company, it is important to constantly monitor the demand for it and ensure stock levels match that demand. With ABC analysis, your company can use its resources to prioritize control of high-priority inventory over inventory that has a lower impact on your bottom line. More Efficient Cycle Counts Under the ABC inventory analysis method, you can allocate your resources more efficiently during cycle counts. A cycle count is the process of counting only certain items on scheduled dates. The frequency of your cycle counts and the items you choose to include depends on how often your inventory fluctuates. Once inventory is organized by class, you can focus regular cycle counts on class A inventory. Depending on your needs, it may be necessary to count class B inventory as infrequently as twice per year and class C inventory only once per year. The ABC analysis method saves time and  labor counting only the inventory required by the cycle for the class of inventory versus counting all inventory items each cycle Disadvantages Conflict with Other Cost Systems The ABC inventory analysis does not meet Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) requirements and also conflicts with traditional costing systems. Companies that use ABC methods must operate two costing systems, one for internal use under the ABC method and another for compliance with GAAP. Traditional costing systems generate the figures required by GAAP. Traditional costing systems allocate cost drivers by the actual unit cost, rather than by the activity percentage of the cost driver. As a result, ABC cost assignments often differ from traditional cost system assignments. Requires Substantial Resources The ABC method requires more resources to maintain than traditional costing systems. When cycle counts are performed, class A inventory must be routinely analyzed to determine if the inventory still consists of high-priority items. If an inventory piece is no longer used or demanded as frequently, it is moved to another inventory classification. This constant process requires much more data measurement and collection Just in time A strategy for inventory management in which raw materials and components are delivered from the vendor or supplier immediately before they are needed in the manufacturing process Advantages & Disadvantages of Just-in-Time Inventory Companies turnover significant inventory control to suppliers with just-in-time inventory. Just-in-time (JIT) inventory refers to an inventory management system with objectives of having inventory readily available to meet demand, but not to a point of excess where you must stockpile extra products. Maintaining inventory takes time and has costs, which is what motivates companies to implement JIT programs. Customer Needs Balancing the goals of avoiding stock outs while minimizing inventory costs is at the heart of just-in-time inventory. One of the main benefits of automated and efficient inventory replenishment systems is that you can quickly respond to reduced inventory levels. Companies are now equipped to pull back on stock in a given product category and ramp up inventory in another as customer needs and interests change. Inventory Costs Minimization of inventory management costs is a primary driver and benefit of just-in-time practices. Inventory management has costs, and when you reduce the amount of holding space and staff required with JIT, the company can invest the savings in business growth and other opportunities, points out the Accounting for Management website. You also have less likelihood of throwing out product that gets old or expires, meaning reduced waste. Coordination A disadvantage of managing a just-in-time inventory system is that it requires significant coordination between retailers and suppliers in the distribution channel. Retailers often put major trust in suppliers by syncing their computer systems with suppliers so they can more directly monitor inventory levels at stores or in distribution centers to initiate rapid response to low stock levels. This usually means build up of technology infrastructure, which is costly. This coordinated effort is more involving on the whole than less time intensive inventory management systems. Risks Just-in-time inventory is not without risks. By nature of what it is, companies using JIT intend to walk a fine line between having too much and too little inventory. If company buyers fail to adjust quickly to increased demand or if suppliers have distribution problems, the business risks upsetting customers with stock outs. If buyers over compensate and buy extra inventory to avoid stock outs, the company could experience higher inventory costs and the potential for waste. Vendor managed inventory Top of Form Bottom of Form Vendor Managed Inventory (VMI) . Bottom of Form Vendor Managed Inventory or VMI is a process where the vendor creates orders for their customers based on demand information that they receive from the customer. The vendor and customer are bound by an agreement which determines inventory levels, fill rates and costs. This arrangement can improve supply chain performance but reducing inventories and eliminating stock-out situations. VMI, the vendor specifies delivery quantities sent to customers through the distribution channel using data obtained from Electronic Data Interchange (EDI). There are a number of EDI transactions that can form the basis of the VMI process, 852,855 and the 856. The first is the Product Activity Record, which is known as 852. This EDI transaction contains the sales and inventory information such as key product activity and forecast measures, such as Quantity sold ($) Quantity sold (units) Quantity on hand ($) Quantity on hand (units) Quantity on order ($) Quantity on order (units) Quantity received ($) Quantity received (units) The EDI 852 information can be sent from the customer to the vendor on a weekly basis or more frequently in high-volume industries. The vendor makes the order decision based on this data in the 852 transmission. The vendor reviews the information that has been received from the vendor and an order determination is made based on existing agreement between the vendor and customer. Many vendors use a VMI software package to assist them in determining order requirements. VMI software can be part of an ERP suite  such as SAP or be a standalone option such as products from Blue Habanero, LevelMonitor, NetVMI or others. The software will verify if the data as accurate and meaningful. It will calculate a reorder point for each item based on the data and any customer information such as promotions, seasonality or new items. The quantity of each item available at the customer is compared with the reorder point for each item at each location. This will determine if an order is needed and the quantities required. The second EDI transaction that is used in VMI is the purchase order acknowledgment, which is known as the 855. This EDI document sent to the customer contains a number of fields including; Purchase Order Number Purchase Order Date Purchase Order Line item Quantity Price Item Number Description of Item Freight Charge Ship Date Some vendors supply an advance ship notice (ASN) to their customers to inform them of an incoming order, which is know as EDI 856. The ASN differs from the purchase order acknowledgement in both timing and content. The 856 is sent to the customer after the shipment has been made instead of at the time of the purchase order. Advantages of vendor managed inventory One of the benefits of VMI is that the vendor is responsible for supplying the customer when the items are needed. This removes the need for the customer to have significant safety stock. Lower inventories for the customer can lead to significant cost savings. The customer also can benefit from reduced purchasing costs. Because the vendor receives data and not purchase orders, the purchasing department has to spend less time on calculating and producing purchase orders. In addition, the need for purchase order corrections and reconciliation is removed which further reduces purchasing costs. Cost saving can also be found in reduced warehouse costs. Lower inventories can reduce the need for warehouse space and  warehouse resources. When a business relies on vendor-managed inventory, it’s placing a big bet on that company’s ability to deliver. The vendor has to be able to determine when to send new stock, what specific products to send and in what quantities. This can be beyond the means of a supplier that doesn’t have the software, infrastructure or expertise in place to make that work. If just-in-time inventory turns into way-too-late shipments thanks to poor demand forecasts or a supply-chain breakdown, VMI isn’t going to work. Disadvantages of vendor managed inventory Unscrupulous Partners Even with return policies in effect, a business risks being taken advantage of by a supplier looking to make its numbers. For example, a vendor might ship an excessive amount of product at the end of the quarter and book it as revenue to boost its sales figures regardless of the customer’s needs. The customer may return the unneeded merchandise, but the vendor already has gotten what it wants out of the transaction. In addition, VMI may require a company to share sensitive information with the supplier, which can leave it in a delicate position should the relationship between the parties ever falter. Limited Options A vendor-managed inventory system can be bad for a business when it keeps the business from seeking better-suited or lower-cost options. Because VMI links the supply chain together so closely, it serves as a disincentive to make a change that necessitates changing the company’s inventory management system. As a result, a business may find its inventory savings negated by settling for higher-priced or inferior goods. Market Responsiveness Customer preferences can change in a heartbeat, with favorites falling out of style and new items becoming more in demand. If your vendor doesn’t supply a wide enough range of products and your contract prevents you from going to the competition, you may be stuck with items your customers don’t want and no way to fix the problem. Make sure your contract doesn’t bind you so tightly to your vendor that you both sink together when the market changes. The manufacturer can gain some benefits from vendor managed inventory as they can gain access to a customers point of sale (POS) data makes their forecasting somewhat easier. Manufacturers can also work their customers promotional plans into forecasting models, which means enough stock will be available when their promotions are running. As a manufacturer has more visibility to their customers inventory levels, it is easier to ensure that stock-outs will not occur as they can see when items need to be produced. INTRODUCTION TO MRP manufacturing resource planning (MRP II) is defined as a method for the effective planning of all resources of a manufacturing company. Ideally, it addresses operational planning in units, financial planning, and has a simulation capability to answer â€Å"what-if† questions and extension of closed-loop MRP. This is not exclusively a software function, but the management of people skills, requiring a dedication to database accuracy, and sufficient computer resources. It is a total company management concept for using human and company resources more productively. MRP is a comprehensive system used for planning and scheduling materials requirement. It assists in improving the materials handling capability of an organization. But it has certain disadvantages. Some of the advantages and disadvantages of MRP have been discussed below Advantages Some of the key benefits that can be derived from using an MRP system are: Reduced per unit cost of production thus enabling an organization to price its products competitively Low inventory levels, especially for in-process materials Better response to market demand Better customer service Reduced set-up and tear-down costs Comprehensive material tracking and optimized production scheduling Improvement in capacity allocation and planning Disadvantages Following are the disadvantages of an MRP system: High costs and technical complexities in implementation. In addition, organizations, which use an MRP system need to spend considerable effort on installing necessary equipment (computers), training personnel, modifying the software to serve their specific needs, validating, testing, and eliminating possible errors, and maintaining the software. The time required for planning and implementing an MRP system is generally very long. Data entry and file maintenance requires considerable inputs in the form of training and education of the personnel. Dependence on forecast values and estimated lead-time can sometimes be misleading. The implementation of an MRP system can be effective only when there is a high degree of accuracy in the organization’s operations. It requires high commitment from the top management of an organization. The management should educate its executives on the importance of MRP as a strategic planning tool. The success of an MRP system, like that of any other system depends on proper implementation and right application. Managers can derive more benefits if they use the MRP system as a management-planning tool. MRP needs enormous human efforts and care in continuously collecting the required information for the system. However, many organizations prefer to adopt MRP systems, as the advantages of the system outweigh its disadvantages. Are you searching Operations Management expert for help with Advantages and Disadvantages of an MRP system questions? Advantages and Disadvantages of an MRP system topic is not easier to learn without external help? We at www.expertsmind.com offer finest service of Operations Management assignment help and Operations Management homework help. Live tutors are available for 24Ãâ€"7 hours helping students in their Advantages and Disadvantages of an MRP system related problems. We provide step by step Advantages and Disadvantages of an MRP system question’s answers with 100% plagiarism free content. We prepare quality content and notes for Advantages and Disadvantages of an MRP system topic under Operations Management theory and study material. These are avail for subscribed users and they can get advantages anytime. Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) Economic order quantity (EOQ) is the order quantity of inventory that minimizes the total cost of inventory management. Two most important categories of inventory costs are ordering costs and carrying costs. Ordering costs are costs that are incurred on obtaining additional inventories. They include costs incurred on communicating the order, transportation cost, etc. Carrying costs represent the costs incurred on holding inventory in hand. They include the opportunity cost of money held up in inventories, storage costs, spoilage costs, etc. Ordering costs and carrying costs are quite opposite to each other. If we need to minimize carrying costs we have to place small order which increases the ordering costs. If we want minimize our ordering costs we have to place few orders in a year and this requires placing large orders which in turn increases the total carrying costs for the period. We need to minimize the total inventory costs and EOQ model helps us just do that. Total inventory costs = Ordering costs + Holding costs By taking the first derivative of the function we find the following equation for minimum cost EOQ = SQRT(2 Ãâ€" Quantity Ãâ€" Cost Per Order / Carrying Cost Per Order) Example ABC Ltd. is engaged in sale of footballs. Its cost per order is $400 and its carrying cost unit is $10 per unit per annum. The company has a demand for 20,000 units per year. Calculate the order size, total orders required during a year, total carrying cost and total ordering cost for the year. Solution EOQ = SQRT(2 Ãâ€" 20,000 Ãâ€" 400/10) = 1,265 units Annual demand is 20,000 units so the company will have to place 16 orders (= annual demand of 20,000 divided by order size of 1,265). Total ordering cost is hence $64,000 ($400 multiplied by 16). Average inventory held is 632.5 ((0+1,265)/2) which means total carrying costs of $6,325 (i.e. 632.5 Ãâ€" $10). businesses require an efficient inventory system to maximize profit. The Economic Order Quantity model is a commonly used element of a continuous review inventory system. It is based on a formula that calculates the most economical number of items a business should order to minimize costs and maximize value when re-stocking inventory. Small business owners should evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of this inventory model before implementing it. DISADVANTAGES Minimizes Storage and Holding Costs Storing inventory may be expensive for small business owners. The main advantage of the EOQ model is the customized recommendations provided regarding the most economical number of units per order. The model may suggest buying a larger quantity in fewer orders to take advantage of discount bulk buying and minimizing order costs. Alternatively, it may point to more orders of fewer items to minimize holding costs if they are high and ordering costs are relatively low. Specific to the Business Maintaining sufficient inventory levels to match customer demand is a balancing act for many small businesses. Another advantage of the EOQ model is that it provides specific numbers particular to the business regarding how much inventory to hold, when to re-order it and how many items to order. This smooths out the re-stocking process and results in better customer service as inventory is available when needed. Complicated Math Calculations The EOQ model requires a good understanding of algebra, a disadvantage for small business owners lacking math skills. Additionally, effective EOQ models require detailed data to calculate several figures. For example, the key formula of the model calculates the square root of 2DS/H, where D is the number of units purchased annually, S is the fixed ordering charge, and H is the holding cost per unit. Rent or mortgage payments, utility costs and property taxes are required just to calculate H. Based on Assumptions The EOQ model assumes steady demand of a business product and immediate  availability of items to be re-stocked. It does not account for seasonal or economic fluctuations. It assumes fixed costs of inventory units, ordering charges and holding charges. This inventory model requires continuous monitoring of inventory levels. The effectiveness of the basic EOQ model is most limited by the assumption of a one-product business, and the formula does not allow for combining several different products in the same . INTRODUCTION TO ERP What is ERP? It means enterprise resource planning, which itself means planning the resources in an enterprise (business). So, this abbreviation simply means, that this is a way of using the resources in a company more effectively. Notice, that this is not some kind of software, this is an ideology. Some companies build applications, that work according to this ideology, called ERP solutions. But there is something more there†¦ the developers of such solutions build their application implementing some best business practices in it, and this is one of the most valuable features of ERP systems. The so called know-how is the most common thing that many of the small businesses out there lack. And this could be the difference between the successful, fast flowing company and the average company. At some point of the life cycle of an enterprise, the need of such a system becomes inevitable. The earlier managers understand this, the better. As the company grows, its control becomes more and more difficult task. An integrated solution, like ERP software, could be really helpful in this situation. Every small company, that wants to grow big just needs to use an ERP system. Some big corporations even would not do business with you, if you hadn’t such a software implemented and working in your business. Such a solution is a proof for higher quality and that you are running your enterprise well and effectively. There are many many benefits coming from these systems, later we’ll talk about them more. ERP solutions are from the group of integrated systems, which means that they are built to integrate any part of your business. Initially the manager in a small company can coordinate the different departments relatively easy, but when the company starts to grow, the same happens with the size and number of departments. The coordination between them becomes really hard and expensive. At some point of time a crisis of control is inevitable. ERP systems can be  managers’ best friend then, because this is one of their main purpose – to integrate your business. Advantages & Disadvantages of ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) Systems In order to understand computer networks better, it would be helpful to have an overview of the applications running on the network. ERP or Enterprise Resource Planning is an important enterprise application that integrates all the individual department functions into a single software application. ERP Systems make it easier to track the workflow across various departments. They reduce the operational costs involved in manually tracking and (perhaps) duplicating data using individual & disparate systems. In this article, let us have a look at the advantages and dis-advantages of implementing ERP (Enterprise Resource Management) Software Systems. Advantages of ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) 1. Complete visibility into all the important processes, across various departments of an organization (especially for senior management personnel). 2. Automatic and coherent workflow from one department/function to another, to ensure a smooth transition and quicker completion of processes. This also ensures that all the inter-departmental activities are properly tracked and none of them is ‘missed out’. 3. A unified and single reporting system to analyze the statistics/status etc. in real-time, across all functions/departments. 4. Since same (ERP) software is now used across all departments, individual departments having to buy and maintain their own software systems is no longer necessary. 5. Certain ERP vendors can extend their ERP systems to provide Business Intelligence functionalities, that can give overall insights on business processes and identify potential areas of problems/improvements. 6. Advanced e-commerce integration is possible with ERP systems – m ost of them can handle web-based order tracking/ processing. 7. There are various modules in an ERP system like Finance/Accounts, Human Resource Management, Manufacturing, Marketing/Sales, Supply Chain/Warehouse Management, CRM, Project Management, etc. 8. Since ERP is a modular software system, its possible to implement either a few modules (or) many modules based on the requirements of an organization. If  more modules implemented, the integration between various departments may be better. 9. Since a Database system is implemented on the backend to store all the information required by the ERP system, it enables centralized storage/back-up of all enterprise data. 10. ERP systems are more secure as centralized security policies can be applied to them. All the transactions happening via the ERP systems can be tracked. 11. ERP systems provide better company-wide visibility and hence enable better/faster collaboration across all the departments. 12. It is possible to integrate other systems (like bar-code reader, for example) to the ERP system through an API (Application Programing Interface). 13. ERP systems make it easier for order tracking, inventory tracking, revenue tracking, sales forecasting and related activities. Disadvantages of ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) 1. The cost of ERP Software, planning, customization, configuration, testing, implementation, etc. is too high. 2. ERP deployments are highly time-consuming – projects may take 1-3 years (or more) to get completed and fully functional. 3. Too little customization may not integrate the ERP system with the business process & too much customization may slow down the project and make it difficult to upgrade. 4. The cost savings/payback may not be realized immediately after the ERP implementation & it is quite difficult to measure the same. 5. The participation of users is very important for successful implementation of ERP projects – hence, exhaustive user training and simple user interface might be critical. But ERP systems are generally difficult to learn (and use). 6. There maybe additional indirect costs due to ERP implementation – like new IT infrastructure, upgrading the WAN links, etc. 7. Migration of existing data to the new ERP systems is difficult (or impossible) to achieve. Integrating ERP systems with other stand alone software systems is equally difficult (if possible). These activities may consume a lot of time, money & resources, if attempted. 8. ERP implementations are difficult to achieve in decentralized organizations with disparate business processes and systems. 9. Once an ERP systems is implemented it becomes a single vendor lock-in for further upgrades, customizations etc. Companies are at the discretion of a single vendor and may not be able to negotiate effectively for their services. 10. Evaluation prior to implementation of ERP system is critical. If this step  is not done properly and experienced technical/business resources are not available while evaluating, ERP implementations can (and have) become a failure ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF BARCODING Bar codes consist of bars and spaces that vary in width. The bars and spaces on a bar code correspond to numbers and letters that represent descriptive data. Scanners scan the bar code to find the corresponding description of the item, including the make and model of an item and its price. Many stores and shops commonly use bar code technology for stock inventory. It’s also used to scan when a customer wants to purchase it. There are advantages and disadvantages regarding the use of bar code technology. the Disadvantages of Barcodes disadvantages of Bar Codes Time In the blink of an eye, scanning a bar code instantly displays the product name, type of product and price. Bar codes also have a 12-digit product number that when entered also produces the same information. However, if a cashier has a long line of impatient customers, entering the product details of each item is time-consuming, especially in grocery stores where each customer usually purchases multiple items. Although bar codes are a huge advantage when it comes to time, it can also be a disadvantage if the bar code on the product doesn’t correspond to the right product, or the bar code scanner isn’t working Inventory Inventory is a huge component of any goods and services business. Keeping track of inventory can be a tedious, time-consuming and difficult task to do without a bar code scanner. With a bar code scanner, shop owners simply scan the bar code on the items and keep track of the store’s inventory that way. When an individual purchases an item, the scanner transmits this information to the computer and it’s calculated on the stock inventory via computer technology. The major disadvantage here is if the cashier sees a number of items that look or seem the same and scans one item multiple times to save  time. Each item and type of item has a unique bar code and must be scanned separately. As a result, this could affect inventory. Labels Labels make it easy for bar code scanners and computers to recognize the product item and vendor name. But when a label is damaged or non-existent, it poses problems. Damaged labels make it difficult for the cashier to scan. Even the 12-digit number on the label may be damaged to the point where it is not legible. When this occurs, the checkout process is significantly delayed while the same product is sought out and brought to the cashier for scanning. In addition, some products, such as fruits and vegetables at grocery stores, don’t have labels, which potentially cause delay. However, cashiers are usually trained to remember the 12-digit number corresponding to items without labels. Costs While bar code technology drastically reduces the time and energy spent on inventory and checkout procedures, it is costly. Businesses that want to implement bar code equipment and technology have to withstand the growing pains of doing so. This includes training employees, installing the equipment, expensive printers and the time spent entering codes for labels. However, despite the disadvantages with start-up, the bar code technology benefits businesses in the long run. CONCLUSION ON THE ABOVE INVENTORY MANAGEMENT TOOLS One should start by saying that inventory management is the active control program that facilitates the management of sales, purchases and disbursements. The inventory management is all about special software that would reduce the costs and human efforts required to create invoices, purchase orders, various receiving lists, or payment receipts. The inventory management attempts to coordinate all the efforts in the warehouse, retail and other product lines in order to develop better controls of the processes that go inside the organization. Speaking about a particular software, I would like to note that one of the many is available at http://www.advanceware.net/modules.asp. The software is said to provide all  the needed inventory management tools in just one package. The website provides a demo version of the software where one is able to explore the shipping module. The software allows the company to print serial numbers on an invoice, set a default tax rate, generate several types of reports, receive and process various customer/vendor returns, and place/process customer orders in various currencies. As for the inventory management in the workplace I would like to note that because I work in the hotel industry, the inventory management is different here than in other industries. The inventory that hotel manages is the room space available for rental. One should understand that because hotel industry sells services the improper inventory management might mean that the hotel will not fill up all the rooms. Thus, the inventory management for the hotel industry should focus on the timeliness with respect to room occupation and marketing. The inventory management should also account for the food, towels, bed sheets, and other items required for the daily hotel operations. The inventory management should assure that the hotel rooms are filled right after they are freed, otherwise, the hotel would lose out since unlike tangible inventory, the service hotel industry offers cannot be s References Harris, Ford W. (1990) [Reprint from 1913]. â€Å"How Many Parts to Make at Once†. Operations Research (INFORMS) 38 (6): 947–950. doi:10.1287/opre.38.6.947. JSTOR 170962. Retrieved Nov 21, 2012. edit Hax, AC and Candea, D. (1984), Production and Operations Management, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, p. 135 Grubbstrà ¶m, Robert W. (1995). â€Å"Modelling production opportunities — an historical overview†. International Journal of Production Economics 41: 1–14. doi:10.1016/0925-5273(95)00109-3. Nahmias, Steven (2005). Production and operations analysis. McGraw Hill Higher Education. edit Altintas, N.; Erhun, F.; Tayur, S. (2008). â€Å"Quantity Discounts Under Demand Uncertainty†. Management Science 54 (4): 777–792. doi:10.1287/mnsc.1070.0829. edit Andrew Caplin and John Leahy, â€Å"Economic